Assessment of health Problems of primary school going children and implement awareness programme regarding cleanness and hygienic practices at Kawardha Dist C.G.

 

Mrs. Kalpana B. Joshi

Asst. Professor, Govt. College of Nursing, Kawardha, C.G.

 

 

ABSTRACT:

India has one of the largest groups of school going children, especially in rural areas. There are about 6.3 lakh rural schools both primary and upper primary with 80 millions school going children. But it is also a fact that only 8% of schools have the sanitation facilities in school premise. Out of 6.3 lakh primary and upper primary rural schools, only 44% have water supply facilities, 19% have urinals and 8% have lavatory facilities. Only 19% have separate urinals and 4% lavatory facility for girls. Under these conditions, schools and community environment become unsafe places where diseases are transmitted. Objectives of this study was assess the health Problems of primary school going children among selected school at KawardhaDist to implement the health awareness programme among selected school at Kawardha Dist.It was an exploratory study, using 200 samples from Primary school, Newari Village at Kawardha Dist. Using convenient sampling method. A structured questionnaire and physical examination Performa developed based on personal experience and review of literature. 57% of school going children were boy, 52% of children were non vegetarian, 25% of were children under class 5^th standard, Majority of primary school going children were having common cold and cough (57%), lies and dandruff (46%), and skin diseases (40%). 83% were having eye problems and 120 children were having dental problems.

 

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

School remain an important setting offering an efficient and effective way to reach over one billion children worldwide and, through them, families and community members.

 

School going age is relatively safe from health point of view. Health problems of school children may vary with socioeconomic status and available resources. The common health problems which require special emphasis include malnutrition, infectious diseases, skin diseases, dental caries, intestinal parasitizes etc.

 

School is the place where health education regarding important aspects of hygiene, environment and sanitation, as well as social customs, is being imparted. The teacher is the guardian of the child in school and plays a pivotal role in the whole process of primordial prevention. (K. Park)

 

Study reveals that participants included 103 boys and 81 girls, with a mean age of 6.2 years. The mean personal hygiene score of the girls (4.15 ± 0.98) was significantly higher than that of boys (3.2 ± 1.4) [P<0.05]. Most of the boys (54.37%) and girls (74.07%) were normally nourished as per the CDC growth chart. Over 70% of the children were suffering from one or more morbidities, the most common morbidity in both the sexes being pallor, followed by worm infestation. Personal hygiene scores were significantly higher (P<0.05) among those children who were normally nourished as well as those who did not suffer from any morbidity in the last 15 days. Conclusion of study were care should be taken to improve the pitiable state of personal hygiene and poor sanitary practices of these school children through coordinated and concerted health education measures by teachers as well as parents. (Soumya Deb et al)

 

OBJECTIVES:

·      To assess the health Problems of primary school going children of selected Govt. school of Nevari Village at Kawardha Dist.

·      To associate the common health problems of primary school going children of selected Govt. school of Nevari Village at KawardhaDist and selected demographic variables.

·      To implement the health awareness programmes regarding cleanness and hygienic practices at Govt. school of Nevari Village at KawardhaDist and selected demographic variables.

 

HYPOTHESIS:

RH₁ There is significant association with common health problems of primary school going children and selected demographic variables at p ≤ 0.05 level.

 

Research Methodology

 

Research study: observational study

 

Research design: descriptive research design.

 

Setting:health assessment done in govt. primary school at Nevari village, KawardhaDist, C.G.

 

Population: primary school children under class one to five.

 

Sample and sample size: 200 children under class one to five standards were available at the time of health assessment..

 

Sampling technique:The sample was selected through Non probability convenient sampling technique.

 

Tool: The tool used for data collection in our research study was organized in two sections-

 

Section A- Socio-demographic variables – gender, age, dietary pattern, education standards (class).

Section B- structured school health assessment Performa.

 

Reliability and Validity: structured school health Performa and awareness programme evaluated by experts in community health Nursing and district hospital.

 

Procedure for Health Assessment and Implementation of Awareness programme

 

Ethical consideration was fulfilled by seeking the written permission from the Head Master of Govt. Primary School at Newari Village, Kawardha Dist. C.G.. The purpose of the identification of health and nutritional problems in primary school children and implementation of Health awareness Programme was explained to the students and their parents informed. For implementation of health awareness programme informed to Chief Medical Health Officer of Kawardha Dist, Sarpanch, ANM of Subcenter and local leaders and village Health workers. For rally we have informed to collector sir Mr. Dhananjay Dewangan, Kawardha Dist, and   near police station of Newari village. Five days we have assessed the health problems of primary school going children and one day we have organized raily theme was “Swachh Newari Swachh Bharat” On same day after raily, organized one skit on same Govt. Primary school. At the end, we have terminated the programme by thanking the participants for their cooperation and participation.

 

FINDINGS:

After conducting a study the majority 57% of school going children were boy, 52% of children were non vegetarian, 25% of were children under class 5^th standard, 77% of children were normal nutritional status, Majority of primary school going children were having common cold and cough (57%), lies and dandruff (46%), and skin diseases (40%). 83% were having eye problems and 120 children were having dental problems. There is no significant association with common health problems of primary school going children and selected demographic variables at p ≤ 0.05 level.

 

DISCUSSION:

The present study indicated the highest no. of health problem in primary school going children is skin, dental and communicable disease in Newari village because lack of awareness, illiteracy and powerty. There is large knowledge gap among the general population regarding cleanness and hygiene. In Newari village only 5 % of houses they have own lavoratory facility and 95% of houses they don’t lavoratory facilities they used to open defecation. 95 % of family their occupation is farming and they literate up to primary school or less.Even local leaders they were not performing active role. Before doing that study I was assess the school condition. I observed lot of problem and services was not available like boundary wall surrounding the school, play ground, chair and table for children, poor ventilation, poor hygiene, school was situated near to pond no toilet and clean water supply.After the assessment of children discussed about the high risk cases to the Principal, teachers, and parents.

 

·      Health awareness programme conducted about cleanness and hygienic practices.

·      Organized Raily about swachhNewariSwachh Bharat along with school teachers, students, and village health workers. 

 

I have referred the children those who are having health problems to district hospital, Kawardha for further treatment.

 

CONCLUSION:

The present study indicated the highest no. of health problem in primary school going children is skin, dental and communicable disease in Newari village because lack of awareness, illiteracy and poverty. There is large knowledge gap among the general population regarding cleanness and hygiene. In Newari village only 5 % of houses they have own laboratory facility and 95% of houses they don’tlaboratory facilities they used to open defecation. 95 % of family their occupation is farming and they literate upto primary school or less.

 

RECOMMENDATIONS:

·        A similar study can be replicated on a large sample and different schools.

·        An exploratory study conducted in large group and to assess the knowledge of all school teachers.

·        Study can be done on knowledge regarding drug compliance among TB patients.

·        A further study can be done to observe the practice and attitude of teachers and parents.

·        A comparative study can be done on two different govt and private schools to assess the health problems.

 

REFRENCES:

School water supply, Sanitation and Hygiene Education: India Technical Note Series, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, 2004.

Park, K. (2009). Preventive and social Medicine. (19th ed). Jabalpur: M/s BanarsidasBhanot.

Rama B.Varu. School Health Services in India: The social and economic context, Sage Publications Pvt.Ltd; 2008. p. 1-2.     

Kishore J. National Health Programs of India. New Delhi: Century Publications; 2007. p. 441-7.

School water supply, Sanitation and hygiene education: India Technical Note Series, Ministry of Human Resource Development: Government of India; 2004. 

Ministry of Rural Development. Government of India. Total Sanitation Campaign: Guidelines. 2004 Available from: http://www.ddws.nic.in/NewTSCGuidelines.doc. [cited on 2007 Nov 5]; [accessed on 2008 Dec 12

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Received on 20.06.2017       Modified on 18.09.2017

Accepted on 29.10.2017       ©A&V Publications All right reserved